A large-scale Sr and Nd isotope baseline for archaeological provenance in Silk Road regions and its application to plant-ash glass
نویسندگان
چکیده
Bioavailable Sr and detrital Nd isotopes are important tools for archaeological provenance. To apply provenance, regional isotope databases baselines generally needed. For the vast Silk Road regions of Mesopotamia, Iran, Central Asia, detailed isotopic distribution patterns essential determining provenance may not become available in short term due to severe deficiency data. In present work, we investigate geo-environmental factors controlling signatures use published data from archaeology Earth sciences, selected by rigorous criteria, construct first large-scale, semi-quantitative Sr–Nd baseline these regions. Three zones proposed Asia: CA-1 (mountains), ε < −7.5, 87 Sr/ 86 > 0.7095; CA-2 (deserts), = −5 −2, ∼ 0.709; CA-3 (loess), 0.710. General suggested Iran: −8 −4, 0.7075–0.7090. Mesopotamia: MP-1 (floodplain foothill), −6.5 −4 (putative extended range MP-1N, −6), 0.7080–0.7085; MP-2 −8, 0.7085; MP-3 (Syrian Euphrates), −5.5 0.7080–0.7085. Within limitation data, ranges indicate overall trend bioavailable each zone, which controlled their geological context, climate (e.g., precipitation), various surface processes riverine versus aeolian transport). This can be used as an guide geochemical contexts suggest or verify plant-ash glass, serving part integrative approach. We illustrate potential this approach using two case studies. By investigating compositions Mesopotamian possible northern origins plant ash silica raw materials glass-making. reassessing medieval glass San Lorenzo, Italy, propose diverse including Asia Mesopotamia. Additionally, approach, examining mixing lines context provided baseline, reveal occurrence recycling Islamic different production association with a westward spread Mesopotamia Eastern Mediterranean metropolises.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Archaeological Science
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['0305-4403', '1095-9238']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2022.105695